Ua ʻike nā kānaka a pau i ka pōʻino o ka puhi paka. Eia naʻe, ke hoʻomau nei ka nui o ka poʻe me kēia ʻano maʻamau i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Wahi a kahi noiʻi i paʻi ʻia ma The Lancet, ʻo ka nui o nā mea puhi puhi i ka honua i hiki i 1.14 biliona ma 2019. I nā makahiki 1990, aia he 0.99 biliona. I ka manawa like, make ka puhi paka i ka 7.69 miliona mau kānaka i ka makahiki.
He pōʻino ka uahi paka ʻaʻole wale no ka poʻe puhi puhi, akā, no ka poʻe hoʻi a puni lākou. Pilikia loa nā keiki a nā mea puhi paka.
Uahi lua a me nā keiki
Wahi a ka ʻike WHO Ua make nā keiki 165,000 ma mua o ka 5 o nā makahiki ma muli o nā maʻi i hana ʻia e ka puhi paka. A ʻo ka poʻe e ola ana, pilikia lākou no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka COPD. Aia ka uahi paka ma mua o 4,000 mau mea kemika, a he 40 o ia mau mea kino kino, a he 250 ka li'ili'i i 'ike 'ia he mea 'ino i ke ola kino. A i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kanaka makua, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kino o ke keiki i nā hopena ʻino o kēia mau mea make. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maʻi o nā keiki e ulu ana i loko o nā ʻohana o nā mea puhi pumehana ma mua o kā lākou mau hoa e alakaʻi i ke ola olakino.
Hoʻopilikia ka puhi paka i ke kino o ke keiki ma ke ʻano like me ka puhi puhi ʻana:
- pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka pale ʻana ikaika;
- pili i nā ʻōpū o loko a pau, e like me ka maʻi cardiovascular, respiratory, nerve system, ate, puʻupaʻa, ʻōpū;
- alakaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kaʻina metabolic;
- he hopena koʻikoʻi ko ka lolo, hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka emi ʻana o nā mana noʻonoʻo.
Ua ʻike nā kauka ʻo nā keiki i loko o nā ʻohana o ka poʻe puhi paka he 15 mau manawa e loaʻa i ka maʻi bronchitis, pneumonia a me nā maʻi bronchopulmonary ʻē aʻe. A ʻo nā wahine a nā kāne puhi paka he 4 mau manawa ke loaʻa i nā maʻi oncological.
Hoʻonui ka inhalation o ka uahi paka i ka pilikia o ke keiki e ulu ana i kekahi mau maʻi:
- ka maʻi kanesa;
- maʻi maʻi maʻi;
- ʻO nā kino ENT.
Loaʻa i nā pēpē i ʻike ʻia i ka uahi lua i ka maʻi maʻi make pēpē hikiwawe. ʻO nā keiki o ka poʻe puhi paka ke ʻu pinepine, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻae ʻana i nā maʻi hanu. Hiki i ka puhi paka ke hoʻoulu i ka ihu, ke poʻo, ka ʻeha o ka maka, hoarseness a me ka ʻeha ʻāʻī. ʻO ia mau keiki ke piʻi aʻe ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hānō bronchial a me nā allergies.
Inā hoʻomau ka puhi pumehana no nā makahiki, a laila, pilikia ka hana ʻana o ke akemāmā o ke keiki, a i ʻole hiki ʻole i ke kino ke ulu pono a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa. Eia kekahi, ma nā ʻohana kahi e puhi ai kekahi o nā mākua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia e puhi pū ke keiki.
Pehea e pili ai ka puhi paka i ka wā hāpai i ke olakino o ke keiki i hānau ʻole ʻia
ʻAʻole pale ʻia nā pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū mai nā mea ʻona i loko o ka paka. A ke kamaʻilio nei mākou ʻaʻole wale no nā wahine puhi puhi i ka wā e hāpai ana i kahi keiki.
Hiki i ka puhi paka ʻana i ka wā hāpai ke alakaʻi i nā maʻi hoʻomohala i loko o ka pēpē, e hoʻonāukiuki i nā pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana hanu. A inā ho'ā ka pēpē i ka uahi paka, a laila ua piʻi aʻe ka pilikia o ka maʻi make koke.
Inā puhi ka wahine i ka wā hāpai, hiki iā ia ke make i ke keiki. ʻO ka poʻe puhi paka he 12.5 mau manawa ʻoi aʻe ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hāʻule ʻana, e like me ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana. Hiki i ka uahi paka ke hele i loko o ka placenta ke ho'opale i ka ʻōnaehana hanu o ka fetal a ke kumu convulsions. Eia kekahi, hānau pinepine nā makuahine puhi i nā pēpē me nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena.
- The Lancet: Journal Homepage. - Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoke tobacco and attributable maʻi kaumaha ma 204 'āina a me nā teritori, 1990–2019: he systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
- ulpressa.ru. - Narcologist Elena Semenova: "Ua maʻi pinepine nā keiki o ka mea puhi paka i ka maʻi bronchitis a me ka pneumonia. ʻO nā wāhine puhi paka he 4 mau manawa e loaʻa ai ka maʻi kanesa maʻi maʻi."
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. – ʻO ka puhi paka o nā mākua a me ke olakino hanu o nā keiki: nā hopena kūʻokoʻa o ka hōʻike mua ʻana a me ka postnatal.
- Nūhou UN. – ʻO WHO: ʻo ka hanu ʻana i ka uahi o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, hoʻopau mākou i ko mākou olakino ponoʻī